Samokhin

A brief overview of the life and work of Boris Pavlovich Grabowski, an outstanding Soviet inventor, the creator of the world's first real acting, fully-electronic television installation "telephot". Data on parents BP Grabowski, interesting facts from his childhood hobbies in Kharkov Komsomol youth in Kyrgyzstan and first success Uzbekistan. Based on the memoirs of the events partners, details its creators love with B.L. Rosing, creating and testing "telephoto" in Saratov, Moscow, Leningrad and Tashkent with participation of I.F. Beliansky and K.K. Slivitskogo.Studied the reasons for "telephot" was unclaimed and forgotten for many years to the device, and the circumstances leading up to the international recognition of the merits of BP Grabowski, the author of 12 inventions and 50 certificates of nomination, Honored inventor of the Uzbek SSR.

A brief review of main works and achievements of Leon Serge Theremin is presented, outstanding Soviet inventor, creator of the world's first musical instrument - Aetherphon, rhythmicon, terpsiton. They also developed the world's first mechanical television system the large-interlaced scanning mirror, a number of burglar alarms and devices for special purposes. The information about the pedigree Theremin, the interesting facts of his life and work, including details of his schooling, culture amateur radio, university education, serving in the army during World War I, works at the Leningrad Physico-Technical Institute, touring performances in Europe and the U.S., as well as features use his instrument and apparatus for intruder alarm. Theremin described contacts with famous composers, artists, scientists, the specificity of its intelligence activities, work in the imprisonment and personal life in recent years.

A brief overview of the main achievements of Semen Isidorovich Kataeva, Honored Scientist of the RSFSR, the creator of the national television school, the author of over 200 publications and inventions, including a prototype iconoscope, high vacuum receiving electronic tubes, ways to change the screen brightness by using exposure to light polarization, as well as the transmission system of clear television image on a narrowband channel and the television standard with decomposition at 625 lines. The data about parents, children and youth of Kataeva, interesting facts from his life and work, including details of education, practical electronic TV and a scientific and pedagogical work at the Department of MTUCI television now bears his name. Presents interesting facts from the history of television-related contributions in this direction P.V. Shmakov, V.K. Zworykin and S.V. Nowakowski. S.I. Kataev substantiated the idea of creating a space of communication and phototelevision equipment for the reverse side of the Moon pictures.

A review of the major achievements of Claude Elwood Shannon, a prominent US-th scientist, creator of information theory, the author of many scientific papers, including funda-tal in the transmission and reception of information, the communication system of the inventor, is-favor pulse code modulation. The information about the parents of Shannon, interest-WIDE facts of his life and work, including details of education, hobbies mathematics and artificial intelligence. Shannon described working contacts with its famous modern-nicknames N. Wiener, D. Neumann, H. Bode, A. Turing. R. Hartley, B. Oliver, D. Pearce, H. Nyquist, R. Hamming. Presents facts from Shannon's work in Bell Labs, its research and teaching work at MIT and the recognition of his services. We describe the design of several devices created by Shannon for research and as a result of his hobbies juggling and riding a unicycle.

A review of the major achievements of Charles Augustin Coulomb, a prominent French scientist, the founder of the teachings of the strength of materials, friction and electrostatic, the author of many scientific papers, including fundamental in the field of electricity and inventor of the torsion-tactile balance. Data on parents Coulomb interesting facts of his life and work, including details of education, hobbies mathematics and scientific research, as well as military service in the Royal Engineers. Here are the facts of the housekeeping and social activities in the Coulomb end of XVIII - early XIX centuries, his participation in the creation of a unified system of measures and subsequent international recognition of his services. The designs of several instruments designed for electrostatic Coulomb studies considered prerequisites for the development of concepts of electric charges, which have become the basis for the withdrawal of Coulomb interaction and their units of measurement that are named after him.

A brief overview of the life and work of Boris Pavlovich Grabowski, an outstanding Soviet inventor, the creator of the world's first real acting, fully-electronic television installation "telephot". Data on parents BP Grabowski, interesting facts from his childhood hobbies in Kharkov Komsomol youth in Kyrgyzstan and first success Uzbekistan. Based on the memoirs of the events partners, details of creating and testing "telephot" in Saratov, Moscow, Leningrad, its creators love with BL Rosing and finishing works in Tashkent. Studied the reasons for "telephot" was unclaimed and forgotten for many years to the device, and the circumstances leading up to the international recognition of the merits of BP Grabowski, the author of 12 inventions and 50 certificates of nomination, Honored inventor of the Uzbek SSR.

An overview of the major activities and achievements B.L. Rozinga, the outstanding Russian scientist and teacher, inventor of the world's first electronic television system, one of the initiators of the opening of the higher polytechnic education for women of Russia, dean of the Faculty of Electromechanical Women's Polytechnic Institute, founder and professor of the Kuban Polytechnic Institute, author of  29 patents and copyright certificates of privileges, as well as more than 90 scientific publications, and creator of several photoelectric devices. The information about the parents and family of B.L. Rosing, most of the facts of his life and work, including details of the work in St. Petersburg, Ekaterinodar (Krasnodar), and during his unjust links to settle in Kotlas and Arkhangelsk. Quoted his letters from exile, memories of him and his daughter V.K. Zworykin, his pupil, who created the TV in the US, and contribute to this in the Soviet Union. Described in detail the system by which B.L. Rosing May 22, 1911 demonstrated the transmission of images at a distance of wires. Particular attention is paid to the preservation of the memory of the light B.L. Rosing and fair assessment of his merits.

A brief overview of the main achievements of Pavel Vasilyevich Shmakov, one of the pioneers, the moat of Soviet television, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Hero of Socialist Labor, laureate of the State Prize of the honored worker of science and technology. Data on parents P.V. Shmakov, interesting facts of his life and work, including details of his education, hobbies physics, astronomy, works in the laboratories of the P.N. Lebedev and P.P. Lazarev contact with M.V. Shuleikin, as well as educational activities. Presents interesting facts about the history of the mechanical television-related contributions in this area, John Baird and Paul Nipkow. Describes the direction of works performed by the Department of Television Leningrad Electrotechnical Institute of Communications, including e-mail, and color TV as well as the possible impact of television on smell and touch the person. From 1937 to 1982 he headed the department of  P.V. Shmagin, he is the author of 12 inventions and more than 250 scientific publications, including 25 books and brochure.

A brief review of the scientific and technological achievements for the first half of the XIX century in the field wiring, as well as the life and work of state councilor, Baron PL Schilling, you-a groundbreaking Rus-sian ethnographer, linguist, cryptographer, the inventor of the world's first electromagnetic telegraph, and communication cables, the author of the first history of undermining mines in the electric wire, the creator of the world's first telegraph code, and the best in the XIX century, a secret code. Schilling is also known as one A.S. Pushkin and creator of the first Russian lithography Russian hussar stormed Paris, a great chess player and the first European explorer of the Tibetan and Mongolian Buddhism. The data on education Schilling, his subsequent service in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Embassy of Russia in the State of Bavaria, contacts with German scientists in Munich, including von Humboldt in the field of linguistics, A. Zenefelder in lithography and T. Soemmering in the field of electricity, to determine its future research interests.

A brief review of main works and achievements of Leon Serge Theremin is presented, outstanding Soviet inventor, creator of the world's first musical instrument - Aetherphon, rhythmicon, terpsiton. They also de-veloped the world's first mechanical television system the large-interlaced scanning mirror, a number of burglar alarms and devices for special purposes. The information about the pedigree Theremin, the interesting facts of his life and work, including details of his schooling, culture amateur radio, military service, uni-versity education, works at the Leningrad Physico-Technical Institute, touring performances in Europe and the U.S., as well as features use his instrument and apparatus for intruder alarm. Theremin described contacts with famous composers, artists, scientists, the specificity of its intelligence activities, work in the im-prisonment and life in recent years.

A brief overview of the life and works of the main achievements of Alexander M. Poniatoff is given. He was an outstanding engineer and founder of AMPEX – American company that won the world recognition in the field of magnetic recording of signals. The description of life AM Poniatowa in childhood and youth, his education in Russia and Germany, in the imperial service, and the "white" army, emigration and employ-ment in the United States, including the establishment of the company AMPEX details and interesting facts from its progressive development into a global leader audio and video equipment. The AMPEX engineers created the world's first tape recorders and videotape recorders of professional quality, which contributed to the radical improvement of the radio and television broadcasting technologies. Twelve development AMPEX awarded prizes Emmy Awards, awarded by the American Academy of Television Arts & Sciences and the four recognized as the best in the category Monitor Awards International Society of television pro-duction.

A brief overview of the life and work of state councilor A.S. Popov,  a prominent Russian physicist and electrical engineer, inventor of the radio. The information about the parents and surname Mr. Popov tree, interesting facts from his life and work, details of education at St. Petersburg University, Teaching in a Mine officer class Kronstadt, family life, participation in the Nizhny Novgorod Fair, creative work and career. Particular attention is paid to chronicle achievements A.S. Popov from the creation of storm indicator to the first models electronic equipment manufactured in the workshop E.V. Kolbasiev, its manufacturing  joint venture "Popov-Ducretet" and the tests during a rescue operation in the Gulf led by Vice-Admiral S.O. Makarov and warships of the Russian Navy, in conjunction with P.N. Rybkin and the D.S. Troitsky. The basic signs of attention devoted to memory A.C. Popova, including plaque IEEE Miltstone. The application provides information about the French engineer and entrepreneur Eugene Ducretet and the Paris World Ex-hibition of 1900, Awards A.S.  Popov Gold Medal.

A brief overview of the life and work of Benjamin Franklin's outstanding American statesman and public figure, who proved that lightning is an electrical nature. He is the only one who signed the Declaration of Independence, the Paris Peace Treaty, and the Federal Constitution - the three documents define the course of history, not only the United States but also around the world. The information about the parents of Frank-lin, interesting facts from his life and work, details of self-education, hobbies printing and publishing, jour-nalism and family life as well as the history of the England-American-French relations in the second half of the XIX century. Particular attention is given to research activities Franklin, whose work at the time have become leading in the development of the theory of electricity and have received international recognition. Benjamin Franklin was a member of the Royal Society of Great Britain, Russia and other academies, award-ed a gold medal Copley.

A brief review of the major achievements Alessandro Volta, outstanding Italian scientist and physicist, in-ventor of a fundamentally new source of electrical energy, which played a decisive role in future studies of electric and magnetic phenomena. Provides information about the parents Volta, interesting facts from his life and work, including details of his self-education and pedagogical work. Given the facts of the history of the development of electrical engineering associated with contributions to this line of Benjamin Franklin, France Aepinus and Johan Wilcke. Describes the design features of the two instruments, Volta invented for electrical studies and discussions with Luigi Galvani. Volta was awarded the Copley Medal of the Royal Society, in his honor erected a pantheon of other monuments in the city of Como, and named unit of voltage and potential difference – Volt.

A brief overview of the main achievements of Oliver Heaviside eminent British scientist, engineer, mathe-matician and physicist, first applied to the study of complex numbers of electrical circuits and developed a technique of application of the Laplace transform to solve differential equations. Heaviside reformulated Maxwell's equations in terms of the vector of the electromagnetic field, the electric and magnetic inductions, developed a theory of communication lines, known as the "telegrapher's equations", and developed the idea of the ionosphere, predictions, head of existence it reflects radio waves layer. Provides information about the parents Heaviside, interesting facts from his life and work, details of self-interest in mathematics and physics, as well as the history of communication theory and electrodynamics connected with investments in this area James Maxwell. Oliver Heaviside was a member of the Royal Society of Great Britain and the first of the Faraday Medal awarded the London Institute of Electrical Engineers.

A brief review of the major achievements of Andre-Marie Ampere, a prominent French scholar and the founder of electrodynamics and the author of fundamental works in the field of chemistry, biology, linguis-tics, and philosophy. Provides information about the parents Ampere, interesting facts from his life and work, including details of his self-education, interest in mathematics, chemistry and teaching. Some interest-ing facts from the history of electrodynamics associated with contributions in this direction Hans Oersted, Francois Arago and Augustin Fresnel. The designs of the two instruments, invented by Ampere for electrodynamic research and discussions with the opponents of the emerging science. Given the introduction of preconditions Ampe rum concepts of voltage, current, and its direction, which became the basis for the withdrawal of Ampere law of interaction of currents, which now bears his name.

A brief overview of the main stages and events in the development of photographic equipment and film with the details of the experiments of Joseph Niépce, Louis Daguerre, William Talbot, as well as the contribution of domestic scientists and amateurs in the spread of this technology in Russia. The baton of Joseph Petzval continued photos, Frederick Archer, inventors SLR Thomas Sutton, design instant Shutter Sigismund Yurkovski and films on a flexible substrate George Eastman. Some interesting facts from the history of cinema related contributions in this direction by George Eastman, Thomas Edison, the Lumière brothers and Pate, Eusebius Goldovsky and Victor Komar. Describes the date of the history of photographic and cinema in the twentieth century, including details of occurrence stereo and digital audio-visual equipment, until the appearance and standardization of digital cinema.

A brief overview of the main achievements of the doctor of sciences, professor and inventor Sergey V. Novakovsky, an outstanding Soviet and Russian engineers and scientists, under whose leadership has begun implementation of electronic television in the USSR. Sergey made an outstanding contribution to the reconstruction of the Moscow television center and the introduction of broadcast TV standard 625 lines. He was a pioneer in the creation of our country mobile television stations for outside broadcast, more than two decades was initiated and led the development of color television and studio cameras, video monitors, color TVs, including a projection for the big screen. Some interesting facts about the life and work of Sergey Vasilyevich, including details of working contacts with renowned experts on television and teaching. Achievements Sergey V. Novakovsky won many state and departmental awards.

A brief overview of the major achievements of Hermann von Helmholtz, the eminent German physicist, and physiologist, whose name is inextricably linked to a radical reconstruction of physiological concepts among scientists of XIX century. Helmholtz has made a significant contribution to the mechanics, thermodynamics, optics, acoustics, electrodynamics, physiology and medicine, first formulated in mathematical form and substantiated universality of the law of conservation of energy. Provides the information about the parents and children of the Helmholtz, interesting facts of his life and work, including details of study, teaching and research work as an experimental physicist, as well as contact with his prominent contemporaries. Achievements Helmholtz marked the highest awards of the Royal Society of Great Britain (gold medal Copley), the Order of the " Schwarzen Adler" Kingdom of Prussia, the star of the French Order of the Legion of Honor, and others. His name are memorable prize medals from several institutions, Moscow Research Institute of Eye Diseases, craters on the Moon and Mars.

A brief overview of the major achievements of Emile Berliner, prominent American inventor of German descent, who created, based on the proposal of the French inventor Charles Cros, gramophone records and production technology, for many decades the dominant sound equipment in the world of the twentieth century. The information about the parents, brothers and sons Berliner, interesting facts of his life and work, including details of the business in the United States, his contacts with companies Bell Telephone Alexander Graham Bell, Victor Talking Machine Eldridge Johnson, RCA David Sarnoff and competition systems phonograph, gramophone and zon-o-phone. Describes the technical and organizational details of the creation of a gramophone and gramophone records, their improvement and dissemination in the United States, Canada, Europe, Russia and Japan, including under the trademarks His master's voice and Pathe freres. Achievements Berliner marked by several awards, including in 1913 the highest of the Franklin Institute Elliott Cresson Gold Medal.

A brief overview of the major achievements of Georg Simon Ohm, the eminent German physicist, opened in 1826, the fundamental law of electrical circuits, which bears his name, and gave him a theoretical foundation. In the results of their research ohm speaker was concluded that the timbre of the sound is the result of the harmonic components of the signal, it is formulated in the form which later became known acoustic Ohm's law. Provides information about parents and brothers Ohm, interesting facts of his life and work, including details of study, teaching and research work as an experimental physicist. Achieve the Ohm were marked in 1841 the highest award of the Royal Society of Great Britain - Copley gold medal followed by the election of a member of this society. Ohm was awarded the Order of the Bavarian "For outstanding achievements in the field of science," his bust is in the Memorial of Glory in Munich. Ohm's name is called unit of electrical, University of applied sciences in Nuremberg and a crater on the side of the Moon.

A brief review of main works and achievements of Vladimir K. Zworykin is presented, who came from a merchant family in Murom Russia and prominent American inventor of television broadcasting, the author of 120 patents. Provides information about parents Zworykin, interesting facts of his life and work, includ-ing details of student life, military service during World War I, emigration to the U.S., working in corpora-tions and RCA CRT implementation and Ikonoscope, the most important components of television systems. Zworykin described contacts with David Sarnow and American inventors, his work on the orders of the U.S. Army during World War II, advances to create an electronic microscope, color television, details of visits Zvorykin USSR, his meetings with Soviet specialists, as well as work on medical electronics in recent years of life and awards.

A brief review of main works and achievements of David Sarnoff is presented, a native of Russia and the poor prominent American businessman, founder of the radio and television broadcasting. Provides information about parents Sarnoff, interesting facts of his life and work, including details of his work on the radio, including the rescue of passengers of "Titanic", the first in the U.S. broadcasts, creating corporations RCA and NBC and implementation of broadcast television. Sarnoff describes the service in the U.S. Army during World War II, work on creating RCA color television, his contacts with prominent Russian engineer Vladimir Zworykin and Leon Theremin, American inventor Frank Conrad and great Italian conductor Arturo Toscanini, as well as the nuances of the relationship with David Sarnoff Edwin Armstrong.

A brief review of main works and achievements of Edwin Howard Armstrong is presented, an outstanding American scientist and inventor, author of 42 patents, the creator of the regenerative and superheterodyne receivers, the founder of radio frequency modulation. The information about the Armstrong's parents, the interesting facts of his life and work, including details of his amateur radio hobby, study and work at Co-lumbia University, serving in the U.S. Army expeditionary corps in Paris in the final stages of World War I, work on the development of broadcasting in the United States are presented. Armstrong described contacts with eminent English radio engineer Henry Round discussions with leaders of the emerging science of radio John R. Carson and Murray G. Crosby, the device and the test results of the first in the U.S. FM radio sta-tions, as well as the specifics of Armstrong relations with Lee de Forest and David Sarnoff.

A brief review of main works and achievements of Jack S. Kilby is presented, outstanding US inventor, the author of more than 60 patents, awarded in 2000 the Nobel Prize in Physics for his basic work on infor-mation and communication technology, one of the founders of the first integrated circuit. They also devel-oped the first thermal printer, miniature calculator with built-in thermal print head and the experimental work carried out to facilitate the organization of production of integrated microelectronics in the United States. Information is given about the parents J.S. Kilby, the interesting facts of his life and work, includ-ing details in school, his hobbies amateur radio, military service, university education, working for miniaturization of electronics in the laboratory Centralab, Texas Instruments Incorporated and its patent dispute with Robert Noyce, inventor of the other integrated circuits. Kilby described contacts with colleagues, his awards and to memory of Kilby.

A brief review of ma in works and achievements ofNikola Tesla is presented. He is a prominent American inventor, a Serb by nationality, author of more than 7 00 patents, developer industrial power systems, AC motors and high-frequency applications, the pioneer of wireless communication, have been widely used all over the world. Are pedigree information for parents and relatives of Tesla, the interesting facts of his life and work, including details of the work in Paris and Strasbourg before resettlement in the United States and the subsequent construction of power plant at Niagara Falls and his experiments with high-voltage and high-frequency. Tesla described contacts with Edison, Westinghouse and other U.S. and European inventors and scientists, and entries from his diary, kept in the Museum of Belgrade, and other evidence about the Tunguska catastrophe in 1908 could be the result of his experiments with atmospheric electricity.

A brief review of ma in works and achievements ofRay Dolby is presented. He is a USA inventor, author of more than 50 patents, developer the systems Noise Reduction, Surround Sound. for radio broadcasting , professional and home cinema theater, have been widely used all over the world. Some biographical information of Ray Dolby is given , as well as some interesting facts about his life and work.

A brief review of main works and achievements of Alexander Gustav Eiffel is given. He was an outstanding engineer and architect won the world recognition in the field of metal structures and aerodynamics. His biography data as well as some interesting facts from his life and activities are presented. Almost all the bridges Eiffel in textbooks as examples of bold and robust engineering solutions, and its famous tower has become a symbol and a major tourist attraction in Paris .

 A brief overview of basic steps in developing the format VHS of the magnetic video tape recording, made in JVC under the guidance of Shizuo Takano, Japanese engineer and inventor, is presented. Some biographical information about S. Takano, as well as certain interesting facts from his life and work are given.

A brief review of ma in works and achievements of Reginald Fessenden is presented. He was a Canadian inventor, performed the first radio broadcasting, which led to the development of radio technology in the wired world. Some biographical information of R. Fessenden is given , as well as some interesting facts about his life and work.

A brief review of the main works and achievements of Gulielmo Marconi was presented. He was an Italian inventor who performed the first transatlantic wireless radio. It led to the development of wireless technology in the whole world. Some biographical information of Gulielmo Marconi was given, as well as some interesting facts about his life and work.

A brief review of main works and achievements of Samuel Finley Breese Morse is presented. He was an American artist and inventor, the creator of a new telegraphic scheme and code named after him - "Morse Code" that got the world recognition. Morse’s invention was a starting point for the development of wire communication technology in America and led to its spread in Europe and further to application of "Morse code" in radio communication (it is used in amateur radio communication even nowadays). Some biographical information of S. Morse is given, as well as some interesting facts about his life and work.

 The article presents a brief review of main works and achievements by Alexander M. Poniatoff, an outstanding engineer and founder of AMPEX – American company that gained the world recognition in the field of magnetic recording of signals. His background as well as some interesting facts from his life and activities is given. The AMPEX engineers created the world's first tape recorders and videotape recorders of professional quality, which contributed to a radical improvement of radio and television broadcasting technologies worldwide.

The article presents a brief review of the main achievements made by Alexander Graham Bell – an outstanding American inventor, the author of 30 US patents in the field of telephony and recording-playing sound. A. G. Bell’s background was included along with some interesting facts of his life. His invention of the telephone started the development of mass communication equipment in America and Europe. R&D company Bell Laboratories has produced thousands of inventions, including the first actual sound system for cinematography. Several scientists of Bell Laboratories received the Nobel Prizes.

Brief review of the main achievements of Thomas Alva Edison was presented; Thomas Edison was an outstanding American inventor, the author of more than 1000 USA patents and several thousand patents of other countries, Honored Academician of USSR Academy of Science. The biography of Thomas Edison and some interesting facts from his life and work were included in the article. The world’s first sound-recording apparatus (phonograph) and carbon microphone created by Edison became an advent of the sound technology development, and his disc-type phonograph with grooves for recording served as a basis for mechanical video-recording half-century later. Therefore, Edison could be considered a founder of the multimedia technology.