Marahtanov

pp. 188-197

The paper considers an autonomous solar heat storage scheme with photoelectric cells for the hydraulic pump. It describes a method for calculating the power density of solar radiation during the day. To calculate the energy balance of the hydraulic system of autonomous solar collector the authors offer a methodology relevant for designing the similar systems. The curves obtained allow calculating the main parameters of the system components, including the required minimum area of absorber and photoelectric cells, pump power, water flow. The typical values of photoelectric cells area required for operation under typical environmental conditions were obtained.

Effect of the torque in the thruster with anode layer was considered. It was shown that the mechanism of appearance of such torque is associated with the azimuthal deflection of ions in the accelerating channel of an engine as it moves in the radial magnetic field. Dependences between the angular acceleration of a device and the strength of magnetic field for different thruster’s operating modes, different working substances and mass-dimensional characteristics of the spacecraft were obtained. It was also demonstrated that this torque could have a significant impact on the stabilizing system in cases of long-time operation. The remedy for harmful influence of the azimuthal deflection of ions on the spacecraft’s rotation was proposed.

The authors consider influence of distribution of magnetic field induction on distribution of gas discharge parameters in crossed electric and magnetic fields in the passage of a thruster with an anode layer. The authors proposed a flow model of the electron component, where the flow is perpendicular to the magnetic field, with the use of the specific flux value. The authors also obtained a ratio between distribution of plasma potential over the passage with distribution of the specific flux, and a ratio that allows to determine the position of the low-voltage anode boundary layer. An example of calculating plasma potential distribution over the channel of a thruster with an anode layer, and of determining the position of a low-voltage anode boundary layer was given in this article.

This article considers experimental demonstration of the effect of azimuthal ion deflection in the magnetic field. Deflection of a beam in the magnetic field of opposite polarity was shown. Theoretical dependences for values of an angle of azimuthal deviation obtained in the previous works were confirmed.

The paper considers problems of changes in tractive coefficient of efficiency of a motor with anode layer by using different working substances. The authors obtained dependences describing the effect of the azimuthal deviation to the specified coefficient of efficiency, confirmed by the results of the experiment. The authors propose assessment criteria of using different working substances to increase tractive efficiency propulsion.