Postnikova

 Enterprises aimed at constant improvement of competitiveness of their products face a constant challenge to optimize the aggregate value of their operations. The author presents an approach to development of an organizational and economic model which allows a company to evaluate its activities in terms of its efficiency in the logistics infrastructure. The author describes an integrated solution to this problem by means of the developed algorithm and describes the necessary actions for each step of the algorithm. As an example of solving optimization of operational costs of an enterprise, the author analyzes inputs of the transport system. 

Currently, most Russian companies, in contrast to advanced Western companies, seek to maximize profits in a short-term period. However, in the long-term outlook, such an approach is unprofitable. Evaluation of effectiveness of the supply chain is not possible without development of a regular system of key performance indicators. A set of key performance indicators depends on many factors, including the specific character of the industry; that’s why a set of key performance indicators can not be standardized and should be designed with due account of the specific character of each particular situation. The article describes and analyzes existing approaches that can be efficiently used to assess efficiency of the supply chain; it describes key performance indicators in the case of a "standard" and a "green" supply chain.

Decision making process regarding the structure of supply chain is influenced by a set of factors which can be conditionally classified as structural, commercial, operational and functional. The author describes the developed factor model which allows systems analysis of factors influencing the formation of supply chain. Special attention is paid to the factors which have became important only recently; they are factors connected with the type of transported goods and possibility of combining different transporting types in the supply chain. For estimation of these factors a multi-criteria mathematical model was developed. This model allows to select an optimal supply chain variant considering the constrained infrastructure.